Beer in Health and Disease Prevention

Beer in Health and Disease Prevention is the single comprehensive volume needed to understand beer and beer-related science. Presenting both the concerns and problems of beer consumption as well as the emerging evidence of benefit, this book offers a balanced view of today's findings and the potential of tomorrow's research. Just as wine in moderation has been proposed to promote health, research is showing that beer - and the ingredients in beer - can have similar impact on improving health, and in some instances preventing disease. This book addresses the impact of beer and beer ingredients on cancers, cardiovascular disease, anti-oxidant benefits, and other health related concerns. It offers a holistic view from beer brewing to the isolation of beer-related compounds. It contains self-contained chapters written by subject matter experts. This book is recommended for scientists and researchers from a variety of fields and industries from beer production to health-care professionals.

Professor Victor R. Preedy, PhD DSc CBiol FIBiol FRCPath FRIPH FRSH FRSPH is currently a Professor in the Department of Dietetics, King's College London and Honorary Professor in Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital and Director of the Genomics Centre, Kings College London. He directs studies regarding nutrition, and clinical biochemistry. Professor Preedy graduated in 1974 from the University of Aston with a Combined Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. He gained his PhD in 1981, in the field of Nutrition and Metabolism, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London. Between 1988 until 1999 he was associated with the Department of Clinical Biochemistry at King's College Hospital. He was a Reader in Clinical Biochemistry between 1992 and 2002. In 1992, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists, based on his published works and in 1993 he gained a DSc degree for his outstanding contribution to protein metabolism. At the time, he was one of the university's youngest recipients of this distinguished award. Professor Preedy was elected as a Fellow to the Royal College of Pathologists in 2000. Since then he has been elected as a Fellow to the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health (2004), The Royal Institute of Public Health (2004) and The Royal Society of Public Health (2009). Professor Preedy has published over 550 articles, which includes over 160 peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research and 90 reviews as well as 35 books or volumes.

Dedication Preface Foreword by Professor Jonathon Powell Part 1: General Aspects of Beer and Constituents (i) Beer Making, Hops and Yeast - Overview of Manufacturing Beer: Ingredients, Processes and Quality Criteria Sascha Wunderlich and Werner Back - NON Lager Beer Andrea Pavsler and Stefano Buiatti - Lager Beer Andrea Pavsler and Stefano Buiatti - Traditional and Modern Japanese Beers: Methods of Production and Composition Masato Kawasaki and Shuso Sakuma - Sorghum Beer: Fabrication, Nutritional Value and Impact Upon Human Health Maoura Nanadoum and Jacques Pourquie - Production of Alcohol-free Beer Luigi Montanari, Ombretta Marconi, Heidi Mayer, and Paolo Fantozzi - Yeast Diversity in the Brewing Industry Linda Hellborg and Jure Piskur - The Brewer's Yeast Genome: From its Origins to our Current Knowledge Sandra Rainieri - Flocculation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Eduardo V. Soares - Use of Amylolytic Enzymes in Brewing N.P. Guerra, A. Torrado-Agrasar, C. López-Macías, E. Martínez-Carballo, S. García-Falcón, J. Simal-Gándara, and L.M. Pastrana-Castro (ii) Beer Drinking - Trends of Beer Drinking in Europe Pedro Marques-Vidal - Trends in Beer Drinking: Rest of the World Qiao Qiao Chen and Pedro Marques-Vidal - Beer Consumption Patterns in Northern Ireland Adele Mc Kinney and Kieran Coyle - Beer Consumption in Teenagers in Brazzaville (Congo) Jean Robert Mabiala Babela, Alphonse Massamba, Senga Prosper, and Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan - Personality Characteristics Associated with Drinking and Beverage Preference Colin R. Martin - Beer and Current Mood State Ralf Demmel and Jennifer Nicolai - Female Beer Drinking and the Morning After L. Darren Kruisselbrink and René J.L. Murphy - Beer Consumption During Pregnancy Brittany B. Rayburn and William F. Rayburn - Beer and other Alcoholic Beverages: Implications for Dependence, Craving and Relapse Thomas Hillemacher and Stefan Bleich (iii) Beer Composition and Properties - Beer Composition: An Overview Stefano Buiatti - Identification of Taste and Aroma-Active Components of Beer Paul Hughes - Hop Essential Oil: Analysis, Chemical Composition and Odor Characteristics Graham Eyres and Jean-Pierre Dufour* - Ethanol Content of Beer Sold in the US: Variation Over Time, Across States and by Individual Drinks William C. Kerr - Soluble Proteins of Beer Marion Didier and Bakan Bénédicte - Amino Acids in Beer Marta Fontana and Stefano Buiatti - Purines in Beer Tetsuya Yamamoto and Yuji Moriwaki - Beer Carbohydrates Isabel M.P.L.V.O. Ferreira - Dietary Fiber in Beer: Content, Composition, Colonic Fermentability and Contribution to the Diet - Goñi, M.E. Díaz-Rubio, F. Saura-Calixto - Beer and Arabinoxylan Glen P. Fox - Histamine in Beer Susanne Diel, Maria Herwald, Hannelore Borck, and Friedhelm Diel - Terpenoids in Beer J. Richard Dickinson - Proanthocyanidins in Hops Hui-Jing Li and Max L. Deinzer - Metals in Beer Pawel Pohl - Minerals in Beer Luigi Montanari, Heidi Mayer, Ombretta Marconi, and Paolo Fantozzi - Silicon in Beer: Origin and Concentration Caroline Walker, Gary Freeman, Ravin Jugdaohsingh, and Jonathan J. Powell (iv) Beer Stability and Spoilage - The Chemistry of Ageing Beer D.P. De Schutter, D. Saison, F. Delvaux, G. Derdelinckx, F.R. Delvaux - Trans-2-nonenal During Model Mashing José da Cruz Francisco and Estera Szwajcer Dey - E-2-nonenal and Beta-damascenone in Beer José Rodrigues and Paulo Almeida - Pathogens in Beer Garry Menz, Peter Aldred, and Frank Vriesekoop - Fate of Pesticide Residues in Brewing Simón Navarro and Nuria Vela Part 2: General Effects on Metabolism and Body Systems (i) General Metabolism and Organ Systems - Ethanol in Beer: Production, Absorption and Metabolism Rajkumar Rajendram and Victor R. Preedy - What Contribution is Beer to the Intake of Antioxidants in Diet? Fulgencio Saura-Calixto, José Serrano, and Jara Pérez-Jiménez - Antioxidant Activity of Beer's Maillard Reaction Products: Features and Health Aspects Franco Tubaro - Beer Affects Oxidative Stress Due to Ethanol: A Preclinical and Clinical Study Giovanni Addolorato, Lorenzo Leggio, Anna Ferrulli, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Antonio Gasbarrini, and Alcohol Related Diseases Study Group - Antioxidant Capacity of Hops C. Proestos and M. Komaitis - The Antioxidant Capacities of Beers: Relationship between Assays of Antioxidant Capacity, Colour and other Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages Justin A. Fegredo, Rachel Meynell, Alan K.H. Lai, Max C.Y. Wong, Colin R. Martin, Helen Wiseman, Victor R. Preedy - Biological Properties of Beer and its Components Compared to Wine Giuseppe Iacomino, Idolo Tedesco, and Gian Luigi Russo - The Absorption and Metabolism of Phenolic Acids from Beer in Man Mirella Nardini, Fausta Natella, Andrea Ghiselli, and Cristina Scaccini - Caloric Compensation in Response to Beer Consumption Neil E. Rowland - Beer and Adiposity S. Goya Wannamethee - The Relationship between Exercise and Beer Ingestion in Regards to Metabolism Tetsuya Yamamoto and Yuji Moriwaki - Estrogenicity of Beer: The Role of Intestinal Bacteria in the Activation of Beer Flavonoid Sam Possemiers, Willy Verstraete, and Tom Van de Wiele - Effects of Beer Ingestion on Body Purine Bases Yuji Moriwaki and Tetsuya Yamamoto - Neuropharmaological Activity of Humulus Lupulus L Paola Zanoli and Manuela Zavatti - Beer: Effects on Saliva Secretion and Composition H.S. Brand, M.L. Bruins, E.C.I. Veerman, and A.V. Nieuw Amerongen - Beer and Coeliac Disease Glen P. Fox - The Effect of Beer and other Alcoholic Beverages on the Esophagus with Special Reference to Gastroesophageal Reflux H. Seidl and C. Pehl - Effects of Beer on the Gastric Mucosa as Determined by Endoscopy Andreas Franke and Manfred V. Singer - The Effect of Beer and its Non-alcoholic Ingredients on Secretory and Motoric Function of the Stomach Andreas Franke and Manfred V. Singer - The Effect of Beer and its Non-alcoholic Constituents on the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas as well as on Gastrointestinal Hormones Peter Feick, Andreas Gerloff, and Manfred V. Singer - Beer and the Liver Rajaventhan SriRajaskanthan and Victor R. Preedy (ii) Cardiovascular and Cancer - Beer Consumption and Homocysteine D.A. De Luis and R. Aller - Alcohol, Beer and Ischemic Stroke Kenneth Mukamal - Beer: Is it Alcohol, Antioxidants, or both? Animal Models of Atherosclerosis Joe A. Vinson - Beer Inhibition of Heterocyclic Amines-induced Carcinogenesis Hajime Nozawa and Keiji Kondo - Maize Beer and Carcinogenesis Zodwa Dlamini, Zukile Mbita, and Lindiwe Skhosana - The Relationship between Beer Consumption and Lung Cancer Douglas E. Paull and Alex G. Little - Phenolic Beer Compounds to Prevent Cancer Clarissa Gerhäuser - Beer Inhibition of Azoxymethane-induced Colonic Carcinogenesis Hajime Nozawa and Keiji Kondo Part 3: Specific Effects of Selective Beer Related Components (i) General Metabolism and Organ Systems - Biological Activities of Humulone Hiroyasu Tobe - Desmethylxanthohumol from Hops, Chemistry and Biological Effects Reinhard A. Diller, Herbert M. Riepl, Oliver Rose, Corazon Frias, Günter Henze, and Aram Prokop - Reproductive and Estrogenic Effects of 8-prenylnaringenin in Hops Stuart R. Milligan - Regulation of Gene Expression by Hop-derived 8-prenylnaringenin Oliver Zierau and Günter Vollmer - Hop-derived Phytoestrogens Alter Osteoblastic Phenotype and Gene Expression Katharina E. Effenberger and Johannes Westendorf - Antimalarials from Prenylated Chalcone Derivatives of Hops Sonja Frölich, Carola Schubert, and Kristina Jenett-Siems - Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives from Hops as Anti-inflammatory Agents Hans Becker, Clarissa Gerhäuser, and Gregor Bohr - Hops derived Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide Hajime Nozawa, Feng Zhao, and Keiji Kondo - Non-specific Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Properties of Melanoidins from Beer Francisco J. Morales - Anti-obesity Effects of Dietary Isomerized Hop Extract Containing Isohumulones Generated via Peroxisome Proliferators-activated Receptors Hiroaki Yajima 80. Moderate Beer Consumption: Effects on Silcon Intake and Bone Health Ravin Jugdaohsingh and Jonathan J. Powell 81. Biolabelling of Xanthohumol in Hop Cones (Humulus Lupulus L., Cannabaceae) with Stable and Radioactive Precursors for Biosynthetic and Metabolic Studies Hans Becker, Stefanie Berwanger, and Norbert Frank (ii) Cardiovascular and Cancer 82. Epicatechin and its Role in Protection of LDL and of Vascular Endothelium Tankred Schewe and Helmut Sies 83. Isohumulones from Beer Modulate Blood Lipid Status Aruto Yoshida 84. Flavonoids in Beer and their Potential Benefit on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Chung-Yen Chen and Jeffrey B. Blumberg 85. Vasoactivity of Flavonols, Flavones and Catechins Owen L. Woodman 86. The Anti-invasive and Proapoptotic Effect of Xanthohumol: Potential use in Cancer Barbara Vanhoecke, Jerina Boelens, Sofie Lust, Fritz Offner, and Marc Bracke 87. Anti-cancer Property of Epicatechin Gallate in Colon Cancer Cells Seung Joon Baek and Seong-Ho Lee 88. Use of Quercetin in Prostate Cancer Cells Charles Y.F. Young 89. Beer and Prevention of Heterocyclic Amine-induced DNA Adducts and O6-methlyguanine Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi 90. Techniques for Assessing Anti-cancer Effects of Beer Clarissa Gerhäuser Part 4: Assay Methods and Techniques Used for Investigating Beer and Related Compounds 91. The Evaluation of Beer Ageing María Purificación Hernández-Artiga and Dolores Bellido Milla 92. Use of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Fingerprint Beer Rodrigo R. Catharino, Alexandra C.H.F. Sawaya, and Marcos N. Eberlin 93. Methods for the Characterization of Beer by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) A.M. Gil and J. Rodrigues 94. Methods for the Vibrational Spectroscopy Analysis of Beer Salvador Garrigues and Miguel de la Guardia 95. Fluorecence Methods for the Analysis of Beer Ewa Sikorska, Igor Khmelinskii, and Marek Sikorski 96. Capillary Electrophoresis Methods used for Beer Analysis Antonio Segura-Carretero, Sonia Cortacero-Ramírez, and Alberto Fernández-Gutiérrez 97. Manual and Robotic Methods for Measuring the Total Antioxidant Capacity of Beers Justin A. Fegredo, Max C.Y. Wong, Helen Wiseman, and Victor R. Preedy 98. Methods for the HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compounds and Flavonoids of Beer Pavel Jandera 99. Methods for the Assay of Iso-alpha-acids and Reduced iso-alpha-acids in Beer Gerd Vanhoenacker and Pat Sandra 100. Methods for Determining Biogenic Amines in Beer Anastasia Zotou and Zacharenia Loukou 101. Beer and ESR Spin Trapping Kevin Huvaere and Mogens L. Anderson 102. Method for Determining Ethanol in Beer Domenica Tonelli 103. Quantification of Beer Carbohydrates by HPLC Isabel M.P.L.V.O. Ferreira