Finite Element and Finite Difference Methods in Electromagnetic Scattering

This second volume in the Progress in Electromagnetic Research series examines recent advances in computational electromagnetics, with emphasis on scattering, as brought about by new formulations and algorithms which use finite element or finite difference techniques. Containing contributions by some of the world's leading experts, the papers thoroughly review and analyze this rapidly evolving area of computational electromagnetics. Covering topics ranging from the new finite-element based formulation for representing time-harmonic vector fields in 3-D inhomogeneous media using two coupled scalar potentials, to the consideration of conforming boundary elements and leap-frog time-marching in transient field problems involving corners and wedges in two and three dimensions, the volume will provide an indispensable reference source for practitioners and students of computational electromagnetics.

1. Principles of Finite Methods in Electromagnetic Scattering. Finite methods. Mesh termination. Conclusion. References. 2. A Finite Element Method for Composite Scatterers. Formulation. Finite element method. Numerical and experimental results. Conclusions. Future developments. References. 3. Coupled Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods in Electromagnetic Scattering. General formulation. Implementation and numerical results. Conclusion. References. 4. Absorbing Boundary Conditions for the Direct Solution of Partial Differential Equations Arising in Electromagnetic Scattering Problems. Derivation of the BGT operators. Alternate boundary condition for 2-D scattering. Performance of boundary operators. Absorbing boundary condition for the FEM. Improvement in the ABC-based solution. ABC for 3-D scalar and vector fields. References. 5. Application of the Control Region Approximation to Two-Dimensional Electromagnetic Scattering. Problem formulation. Asymptotic boundary conditions. Discretization. Solution of discrete equations. Cross section calculation. Numerical results. Conclusion. References. 6. Coupled Potentials for Electromagnetic Fields in Inhomogeneous Media. Coupled potential formulation. Numerical algorithm. Computer validations. Discussion. References. 7. The Method of Conforming Boundary Elements for Transient Electromagnetics. Initial boundary value problem. Method of conforming boundary elements. Radiation boundary condition. Field singularities at wedges and corners. Numerical results. Discussion. References. 8. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic Wave Interactions with Arbitrary Structures. Introduction. General characteristics of FD-TD. Basic FD-TD algorithm details. Contour path interpretation. Radiation boundary conditions. FD-TD modeling validations in 2-D. FD-TD modeling validation in 3-D. Penetration and coupling in 2-D and 3-D. Modeling very complex 3-D structures. Microstrip and microwave circuits. Inverse scattering reconstructions. Very large-scale software. Conclusion. References. Index.