Scaling

Despite the importance of measurement in any scientific endeavor, few students of the social sciences receive adequate training in the principles and problems of assigning numerical values to the subjects, objects, events, groups and operations they study, and still less in the process of translating theoretical ideas and concepts into variables

Gary Maranell

I: Measurement and Scaling; 1: Measurement; 2: Measurement; 3: Measurement Scales and Statistical Models; II: Thurstonian Methods; 4: Psychophysical Analysis; 5: A Law of Comparative Judgment; 6: Paired Comparison Scaling Procedures; 7: Circular Triads, the Coefficient of Consistence, and the Coefficient of Agreement; 8: Optimal Orders in the Method of Paired Comparisons; 9: Paired Comparison Attitude Scales; 10: The Method of Equal-Appearing Intervals; 11: The Method of Successive Intervals; III: Scalogram Analysis; 12: An Overview of the Contributions to Scaling and Scale Theory; 13: The Basis for Scalogram Analysis; 14: Measurement of Reproducibility; 15: A Note on Statistical Significance of Scalogram; 16: Computer Generated Data and the Statistical Significance of Scalogram; 17: A Review and Comparison of Simple Statistical Tests for Scalogram Analysis; 18: A Note of Extreme Caution on the Use of Guttman Scales; IV: Summated Rating Methods; 19: The Method of Constructing an Attitude Scale; 20: Criteria for an Attitude Scale; 21: A Note on the Scale Product and Related Methods of Scoring Attitude Scales; 22: A Comparison of Four Methods of Scoring an Attitude Scale in Relation to its Reliability and Validity; V: Unfolding Theory; 23: Some Aspects of the Metatheory of Measurement; 24: Psychological Scaling without a unit of Measurement; 25: A Real Example of Unfolding; 26: Some Applications of Unfolding Theory to Fertility Analysis; VI: Related Materials; 27: A Technique for the Construction of Attitude Scales; 28: A Technique for Improving Cumulative Scales; 29: A Scale for Developmental Processes; 30: The Assignment of Numbers to Rank Order Categories; 31: On the Statistical Treatment of Football Numbers