Understanding Maps

This revised and expanded second edition continues to address the fundamental principles of visual perception and map symbolism, and critically examines the assumptions which lay behind the theories of psychophysical testing and cartographic communication.

J.S. Keates

- PART ONE: THE MAP AS VISUAL INFORMATION - Using Maps - An Outline of the Visual System - Visual Perception and Map Interpretation - PART TWO: THE MAP AS A SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION - Signs and Symbols - Representation in Two Dimensions - The Map as a Correct Description - PART THREE: THE MAP AS A COMMUNICATION - Theories and Models of Cartographic Communication - Communication, Map Use and Cartographic Objectives - Map-using Operations - The Map as Rhetoric - Rhetoric and Communication - The Map as a Text - Cartographic Theory and Cartographic Practice - PART FOUR: THE MAP AS AN ARTISTIC WORK - Artistic Works and Works of Art - Cartography as a Graphic Art - Generalisation and Composition - Style, Fashion and Taste - PART FIVE: THE MAP AS A PRODUCT OF SKILL - Digital Maps and Geographic Information Systems - Artificial Intelligence and Cartographic Tasks - Expert Systems and Map Production