Teaming Up: Components of Safety Under High Risk

All accidents and incidents at the workplace, and the resulting consequences, are tied to human beings and their actions. Although their avoidance has been a crucial part of training in aviation for the past twenty years, it has been largely ignored in many other occupations with team structures similar to those in aviation. In such professions and workplaces, those involved are under high stress, with enormous workloads, simultaneously completing mental and motor tasks, facing unexpected situations involving great risk, and with uncertain final outcomes. The goal of researchers is to find ways to minimize human error and to understand the interaction amongst the members of the team fulfilling the task. Specialized training programmes, good management and clear rules that lay out which member is responsible for making decisions can be the first steps to reducing and managing such errors. This book is a major result of the Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz Foundation's 6th Berlin Colloquium, 'Interaction in High Risk Environments', hosted in 2002 by the Psycholinguistic Group of the Humbolt University Institute for German Language and Linguistics. This group is affiliated with the ongoing research group 'Group Interaction in High Risk Environments (GIHRE)' sponsored by the Foundation based in Ladenburg, Germany. The Colloquium brings together experts from aerospace, clinical medicine, nuclear power, psychology, linguistics and psycholinguistics, to include fields that have yet to be a major focus of scientific investigations. Together, the authors explore scientific advances with direct application to a range of high risk environments. The aim is to address the issues and root causes of error and lack of teamwork by combining the knowledge of scientific experts with experience gained in different fields of industry and public life. Chapters span space travel, risk in the cockpit, safety in medicine, nuclear submarine salvage, large construction sites, police

Rainer Dietrich is Professor of Psycholinguistics at the Humbolt University in Berlin, Germany. He is also Head of the international interdisciplinary research project 'Group Interaction in High Risk Environments'. Kateri Jochum was Coordinator of the Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz Foundation's 6th Berlin Colloquium, from which the contributions stem. From 1999 to 2002, she was also Project Coordinator of the international interdisciplinary research project 'Group Interaction in High Risk Environments'.

Contents: Introduction, Rainer Dietrich and Kateri Jochum; Recovering the 'Kursk': a feat of technology and teamwork, Hans van Rooij; The right staff: the team component of space travel, Reinhold Ewald; Teams under pressure: a case study of police conflict management, Eckhard Gremmler; Luck of the draw? Human safety on large-scale construction sites, Franz Remmer; Simple speech: improving communication in disaster relief operations, Dietrich Ungerer; Risk perception and risk management in aviation, Judith Orasanu, Ute Fischer and Jeannie Davison; Managing threat and error to increase safety in medicine, Robert L. Helmreich and J. Bryan Sexton; Index.