New Zealand Adopts Proportional Representation

First published in 1998, this volume is based upon the files of the Royal Commission on the Electoral System plus extensive interviews with the Commissioners, cabinet ministers, MPs and officials, as well as leaders of the principal pressure groups. It seeks to place this highly important change in context, reviewing both the long-term trends and shorter term considerations which led to the adoption of MMP, as well as the immediate consequences It is an axiom of political science that whatever promises political parties may make about electoral reform, as governments they do not kick away the ladder that brought them to power. This book seeks to discover how and why that axiom was disregarded in New Zealand, and, above all, how a reputedly conservative party was ultimately responsible for the change. It provides an object lesson in both how, and how not to change an electoral system and should be of particular interest in countries with simple plurality electoral systems.

Keith Jackson, Alan McRobie

1. The Setting: Constitutional Evolution. 2. Early Electoral Experiments. 3. Labour Party Policy and Proportional Representation. 4. The National Party and Constitutional Reform. 5. The Royal Commission: Recommendations and Consequences. 6. Political Obfuscation. 7. The Campaign for Electoral Reform. 8. The Maori Dimension. 9. The People Decide: The 1992 and 1993 Electoral Referendums. 10. The Transition to MMP. 11. Consequences and Causes.