Critical Temperatures for the Thermal Explosion of Chemicals

The value of the critical temperature (Tc), below which the thermal explosion of a chemical cannot occur, is indispensable to prevent such a chemical from exploding. In order to determine the Tc it has so far been necessary to measure the value in explosion experiments. Because of the inherent hazards, only few Tc values are available at present. Critical Temperatures for the Thermal Explosion of Chemicals introduces new and simple procedures to calculate the Tc. As a result Tc can be calculated for a range of chemicals, many of which are listed in this new volume. The calculated values of Tc are shown to be in agreement with experimentally determined values. The data and methods presented in Critical Temperatures for the Thermal Explosion of Chemicals will be of use to research laboratories as well as in the chemical industry.

Chapter 1. An approach to the thermal explosion theory. Chapter 2. The adiabatic temperature increase equation. Chapter 3. A classification of self-heating chemicals. Chapter 4. An adiabatic self-heating process recorder. Chapter 5. Procedure to calculate the Tc for an arbitrary volume of a liquid charged in an arbitrary container and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions. Chapter 6. Procedure to calculate the Tc for a powdery chemical of the TD type, having some one of several specific shapes including the so-called class A geometries as well as an arbitrary size, confined in an arbitrary closed container of the corresponding shape and size, and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions. Chapter 7. Procedure to perform the adiabatic oxidatively-heating test in order to calculate ultimately the heat generation data of a gas-permeable oxidatively-heating substance. Chapter 8. Individual oxidatively-heating properties of the sawdusts of fifteen wood species; and, procedure to calculate the Tc for a sawdust heap, having some one of several specific shapes including the class A geometries as well as an arbitrary size, placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions. Chapter 9. Procedure to calculate the SADT for a high explosive of the true AC type, having an arbitrary shape and an arbitrary size, confined in an arbitrary closed container of the corresponding shape and size, and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions. Chapter 10. Procedure to calculate the SADT for a powdery chemical of the quasi-AC type, having an arbitrary shape and an arbitrary size, confined in an arbitrary closed container of the corresponding shape and size, and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions.