The Oxford Handbook of Language Policy and Planning

This Handbook provides a state-of-the-art account of research in language policy and planning (LPP). Through a critical examination of LPP, the Handbook offers new direction for a field in theoretical and methodological turmoil as a result of the socio-economic, institutional, and discursive processes of change taking place under the conditions of Late Modernity. Late Modernity refers to the widespread processes of late capitalism leading to the selective privatization of services (including education), the information revolution associated with rapidly changing statuses and functions of languages, the weakening of the institutions of nation-states (along with the strengthening of non-state actors), and the fragmentation of overlapping and competing identities associated with new complexities of language-identity relations and new forms of multilingual language use. As an academic discipline in the social sciences, LPP is fraught with tensions between these processes of change and the still-powerful ideological framework of modern nationalism. It is an exciting and energizing time for LPP research. This Handbook propels the field forward, offering a dialogue between the two major historical trends in LPP associated with the processes of Modernity and Late Modernity: the focus on continuity behind the institutional policies of the modern nation-state, and the attention to local processes of uncertainty and instability across different settings resulting from processes of change. The Handbook takes great strides toward overcoming the long-standing division between "top-down" and "bottom-up" analysis in LPP research, setting the stage for theoretical and methodological innovation.
Part I defines alternative theoretical and conceptual frameworks in LPP, emphasizing developments since the ethnographic turn, including: ethnography in LPP; historical-discursive approaches; ethics, normative theorizing, and transdisciplinary methods; and the renewed focus on socio-economic class. Part II examines LPP against the background of influential ideas about language shaped by the institutions of the nation-state, with close attention to the social position of minority languages and specific communities facing profound language policy challenges. Part III investigates the turmoil and tensions that currently characterize LPP research under conditions of Late Modernity. Finally, Part IV presents an integrative summary and directions for future LPP research.

James W. Tollefson is Professor Emeritus at the University of Washington. He has also taught in Hong Kong, Japan, the Philippines, and Slovenia. He is the author or editor of Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues; Power and Inequality in Language Education; Planning Language, Planning Inequality; and (with Amy B.M. Tsui) Medium of Instruction Policies: Which Agenda? Whose Agenda? and Language Policy, Culture and Identity in Asian Contexts. Miguel Pérez-Milans is Associate Professor at University College London. He has also taught at The University of Hong Kong. He is the author of Urban Schools and English Language Education in Late Modern China: A Critical Sociolinguistic Ethnography (Routledge Critical Studies in Multilingualism). His other research carried out in Madrid, London, and Hong Kong has been published in articles and edited special issues in international journals in socio-/applied linguistics. He is Managing Editor of Language, Culture and Society (John Benjamins).

Preface Contributors 1. Research and practice in language policy and planning James W. Tollefson and Miguel Pérez-Milans Part I. Conceptual underpinnings of language policy and planning (LPP): Theories and methods in dialogue 2. Socio-economic junctures, theoretical shifts: A genealogy of LPP research Monica Heller 3. Research methods in language policy and planning David Cassels Johnson 4. The critical ethnographic turn in research on language policy and planning Marilyn Martin-Jones and Ildegrada da Costa Cabral 5. Critical discourse-ethnographic approaches to language policy Ruth Wodak and Kristof Savski 6. Metapragmatics in the ethnography of language policy Miguel Pérez-Milans 7. Language ethics and the interdisciplinary challenge Yael Peled Part II. LPP, Nation-states and Communities II.A. Modern nationalism, languages, minorities, standardization, and globalization 8. Nationalism and national languages Tomasz Kamusella 9. Language and the state in Western political theory: Implications for language policy and planning Peter Ives 10. Ideologies of language standardization: The case of Cantonese in Hong Kong Katherine H. Y. Chen 11. Globalization, language policy, and the role of English Thomas Ricento 12. Language rights and language repression Stephen May II.B. LPP in institutions of the modern nation-state: Education, citizenship, media and public signage 13. Medium of instruction policy James W. Tollefson and Amy B.M. Tsui 14. Language tests, language policy, and citizenship Kellie Frost and Tim McNamara 15. Language policy and mass media Xuesong (Andy) Gao and Qing Shao 16. Maintaining "Good Guys" and "Bad Guys": Implicit Language Policies in Media Coverage of International Crises Sandra Silberstein 17. Language policy and planning and linguistic landscapes Francis M. Hult II.C. LPP in/through communities 18. Revitalizing and sustaining endangered languages Teresa L. McCarty 19. "We work as bilinguals": Socioeconomic changes and language policy for indigenous languages in El Impenetrable Virginia Unamuno and Juan Eduardo Bonnin 20. Critical community language policies in education: Solomon Islands Case Karen Ann Watson-Gegeo, David W. Gegeo, and Billy Fito'o 21. Family Language Policy Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen 22. Language policies and sign languages Ronice Müller de Quadros Part III. LPP and Late Modernity III.A. LPP, neoliberalism and governmentality: A political economy view of language, bilingualism and social class 23. Language policy and planning, institutions and neoliberalization Eva Codó 24. Post-nationalism and language commodification Joan Pujolar 25. Bilingual education policy and neoliberal CLIL practices Ana María Relaño-Pastor 26. Turning language and communication into productive resources: LPP and multinational corporations Alfonso Del Percio 27. Neoliberalism and linguistic governmentality Luisa Martín Rojo 28. Inequality and class in language policy and planning David Block III.B. Mobility, diversity and new social media: Revisiting key constructs 29. Community languages in late modernity Li Wei 30. New speakers and language policy Bernadette O'Rourke, Josep Soler and Jeroen Darquennes 31. Security and language policy Constadina Charalambous, Panayiota Charalambous, Kamran Khan, and Ben Rampton 32. Language policy and new media: An age of convergence culture Aoife Lenihan III.C. Language, ideology and critique: Rethinking forms of engagement 33. Language ideologies in the text based art of Xu Bing: Implications for language policy and planning Adam Jaworski 34. Language education policy and sociolinguistics: Toward a new critical engagement Jürgen Jaspers Part IV. Summary and future directions 35. Language policy and planning: Directions for future research Miguel Pérez-Milans and James W. Tollefson Index