War, Demobilization and Memory

The years from 1770 to 1830 were scarred by war throughout the Atlantic world. These were wars about empire and global hegemony, as well as struggles of liberation and decolonization. During this era the Atlantic became a highway for exchange not only of peoples and commodities, but also of ideas and cultural practices. New forms of mass warfare, for which patriotic-national propaganda mobilized soldiers and civilians alike, characterized these conflicts in Europe and the Americas. The contributors to this volume, all established experts in their field, examine the processes of military, economic, political, social and cultural demobilization after these wars, not only by states but also by local communities and individuals, and explore the long-term legacy of these conflicts. They discuss how their aftermath influenced politics, society and culture, including the gender order, and ask what shaped the contested and changing memories of these wars in the decades that followed.

Alan Forrest is Emeritus Professor of History at the University of York, UK. His research and teaching focuses on modern French and European history. His most recent books are Waterloo (2015); and War Memories: The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars in Modern European Culture, ed. with Étienne François and Karen Hagemann (2012). Karen Hagemann is James G. Kenan Distinguished Professor of History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. She has published widely on modern German, European and transatlantic history, gender history and the history of military and war. Her most recent monograph is Revisiting Prussia's Wars Against Napoleon: History, Culture, Memory (2015). Michael Rowe is Senior Lecturer of Modern European History at King's College London, UK. His research focuses on nineteenth century Germany. His publications include From Reich to State: The Rhineland in the Revolutionary Age (2003); and as editor, Collaboration and Resistance in Napoleonic Europe: State-Formation in an Age of Upheaval, c. 1800-1815 (2003).

PART I: RETHINKING WAR AND POSTWAR: THE LEGACY OF CONFLICT IN THE ERA OF ATLANTIC REVOLUTIONS 1. Introduction: War, Demobilization and Memory in the Era of Atlantic Revolutions; Alan Forrest, Karen Hagemann and Michael Rowe 2. The Birth of Militarism in the Age of Democratic Revolutions; David A. Bell PART II: PEACE MAKING, OCCUPATION AND MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION 3. Making Peace: The Allied Occupation of France, 1815-1818; Christine Haynes 4. The Experience of Demobilization: War Veterans in the Central European Armies and Societies after 1815; Leighton S. James 5. War, Economy and Utopianism: Russia after the Napoleonic Era; Janet M. Hartley 6. Arms for Revolutions: Military Demobilization after the Napoleonic Wars and Latin American Independence; Rafe Blaufarb PART III: THE AFTERMATH OF WAR IN POLITICS AND POLITICAL CULTURE 7. North Carolina and the New Nation: Reconstruction and Reconciliation Efforts in the 1780s; John R. Maass 8. The Issue of Citizenship: Jews, Germans and the Contested Legacy of the Napoleonic Wars; Michael Rowe 9. The Costs of War: The Impact of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars in Italian Postwar Politics; John A. Davis 10. The Challenges of Peace: The High Politics of Post-war Reconstruction in Britain, 1815-1831; John Bew 11. The Gender Order of Postwar Politics: Comparing Spanish South America and Spain, 1810s-1850s; Catherine Davies PART IV: RESTORING POSTWAR ECONOMIES AND REORDERING SOCIETIES 12. Remembering and Restoring the Economic Ancien Régime: France and its Colonies, 1815-1830; David Todd 13. Postwar Cities: The Cost of the Wars of 1813-1815 on Society in Hamburg and Leipzig; Katherine B. Aaslestad 14. Rewarding Loyalty After the Wars of Independence in Spanish America: Displaced Bureaucrats in Cuba; Sarah C. Chambers 15. Enterprising Women and War Profiteers: Race, Gender and Power in the Revolutionary Caribbean; Kit Candlin and Cassandra Pybus PART V: POSTWAR CULTURES AND CONTESTED WAR MEMORIES 16. Seductive Sedition: New Hampshire Loyalists' Experiences and Memories of the American Revolutionary Wars; Gregory T. Knouff 17. Moscow after Napoleon: Reconciliation, Rebuilding, and Contested Memories; Alexander M. Martin 18. Creating Cultural Difference: The Military, Political and Cultural Legacy of the Anglo-American War of 1812-1815; Andrew Lambert 19. Creating National Heroes: Simón Bolívar and the Memories of the Spanish American Wars of Independence; Matthew Brown 20. Celebration, Contestation and Commemoration: The Battle of Leipzig in German Memories of the Anti-Napoleonic Wars; Karen Hagemann 21. Contrasting Memories: Remembering Waterloo in France and Britain; Alan Forrest 22. Atlantic Revolutions, Imperial Wars, Post-Napoleonic Legacies, and Postcolonial Studies; Lloyd Kramer Bibliography: The Legacy of War in the Era of Atlantic Revolutions; Mark Edward Hay