Carbon Pricing in Emerging Economies

Carbon pricing is one of the key policy instruments available to help countries reach the goals of the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This book explores the challenges and opportunities facing emerging economies in the implementation of carbon pricing with a particular focus on the case of Türkiye. After introducing the principles and practicalities of carbon pricing mechanisms, the book explores the economic feasibility of Türkiye achieving Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and net zero emissions targets. It is argued that its national circumstances hinder Türkiye's use of carbon crediting mechanisms, auctions for carbon certificate units, and building bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries, leaving the voluntary carbon market as the only option. The book explores the implications of this and also highlights the need for improvements and reform in Türkiye's climate laws, public institutions, and international relations to better support carbon pricing. The book also recommends aligning carbon pricing with ongoing energy market reforms, including the replacement of fossil fuel subsidies with more targeted support. This book will be of significant interest to readers of energy economics, environmental economics, emerging economies, and climate change more broadly.

-zzet Ar- is an Associate Professor of Social Sciences at the University of Ankara (Türkiye), where he teaches Master's and PhD-level courses on Energy, Environment and the Green Economy, International Climate Change Negotiations, and Climate Change and Sustainable Development. He holds a BSc degree in Environmental Engineering from METU, an MSc degree in Environmental Engineering from METU (2010), and an MSc degree in Climate Change and Policy from Sussex University (UK). He completed his PhD at METU. He has authored numerous international scientific publications in the fields of climate change, environmental and energy policy, and the green economy.

1 Introduction 2 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework for Carbon Pricing 3 Carbon Pricing in Multilateral Climate Agreements 4 Practices in Emerging Economies and Developing Countries 5 A country with missed opportunities for pricing on carbon: Türkiye 6 Voluntary Carbon Markets and Crediting in Türkiye 7 Transformative Effects of CBAM and Carbon Pricing on Türkiye 8 Establishing a Comprehensive Carbon Pricing System in Türkiye: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions 9 Conclusion Appendices Index